Keloids: what they are and how to treat them
Keloids are irregular scars that expand beyond the edges of the original lesion due to uncontrolled overgrowth of fibroblasts, resulting in overabundant collagen production.
Characteristics and main causes of keloids
- Appearance and Location | Keloids tend to develop in areas of the body that are subject to increased tension, such as the ears, abdomen, and sternum.
- Genetic predisposition | Keloid scars are more frequent in people with dark skin, suggesting a significant role of genetics in their appearance.
- Benignity | Although not a health risk, keloid scars are still troublesome and often cause pain and aesthetic discomfort.
Treatment of keloids
Treating keloids can be complex because they carry a high risk of recurrence. This means that even after surgery or pharmacological treatments aimed at eliminating the existing keloid, a new one can reform.
The most common treatment options include:
- Elastocompressive patches | Used both to prevent and treat keloids, they help limit the growth of scar tissue and promote the flattening of excess tissue.
- Corticosteroid injections | They can reduce inflammation and keloid volume.
- Laser therapy | May help improve the appearance of the keloid scar and reduce redness.
- Surgery | Indicated in the most severe cases, but often combined with other treatments to reduce the risk of recurrence.
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